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EVERY VOTE COUNT
OR
THE ELECTORAL COLLEGE
There have been more than 700 attempts to get rid of the Electoral College
and yet it survives. The only votes that count in the presidential elections
are the 538 votes cast by members of the electoral college. So why should we
bother to vote?
Principle #138
(From Article II.1.2)
The President and Vice President shall be chosen by the electors from each
state. Each state will be entitled to the same number of electors as the sum
total of its Representatives and Senators.
The
decision on how our country would elect the President of the United States
was not made carelessly. A long, meticulous debate preceded the final
decision. The result of that debate was the carefully crafted system which
we call the Electoral College. The founding fathers considered having the
general public elect the President by a majority vote but there was
a major difficulty with this idea.
Some states have a much
smaller population than others, therefore the Presidential candidates would
tend to play favoritism toward the more populated states.
It
was their conviction that the scales should tip slightly in favor of the
smaller states, because larger states have much greater advantages in
nominating the candidates.
It
had previously been decided that the fairest way to operate the legislative
branch of Congress would be to allow each state to have two senators, thus
being fair to each state, and a number of representatives in proportion to
the population of each state, thus being fair to the population. It was then
decided that if the same principle was applied to the electoral process,
fairness would result. It should be emphasized that any argument made
against the Electoral College can be made against the legislative branch of
our government. Who would want the Senate abolished just because it does not
represent the citizens as well as the House of Representatives? Why not do
away with the Senate and allow all Americans to vote on all issues? When our
senators vote, they vote for the citizens. When the Electoral College votes,
it does the same thing, it votes for us.
Equality alone is not always in the voters best interest. Equality can
produce an environment where the majority can abuse the minority such as it
was in Hitler's chancellorship. The thing that protects the citizens in
America from majority abuse is that the Electoral College spreads the voting
power of our nation thickly throughout the country, state by state, and thus
the vote of each individual is maximized.
If
every individual’s vote counted exactly the same, the candidates would only
need to cater to the large populated centers of our country. We do not want
to make it easy for Presidential candidates to gather their votes. They need
to get them in every locality, in every state whether it is large or small.
With the Electoral College the candidates cannot ignore the rancher in
Wyoming or the farmer in Idaho even though they are minorities. With the
Electoral College, the candidates have to look at everybody, majority and
minority, in every state, because with it even small numbers of votes can
have a big influence on close elections.
Sometimes we lose sight of the leaves because of all the trees. Sometimes
it’s hard to see the value of a single vote when it is contrasted to the
weight of millions of votes. Issues are often brought into focus when we
reduce them to their smallest denominator.
Allow me to illustrate.
State “A” is a large state, it has two citizens in it. State “B” is a small
state, it only has one citizen. Each state receives two Electoral College
votes (corresponding to the number of its senators). Large state “A”
receives one vote per capita while small state “B” receives two votes per
capita. Therefore, with the Electoral College, the scales are tipped
slightly in favor of the small state.
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